ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN BY GARY .PDF FREE DOWNLOAD

ANTENNA THEORY AND DESIGN BY GARY ..........DOWNLOAD

Highly respected authors have reunited to update the well known 1981 edition which is still hailed as one of the best in its field. This edition includes recent antenna innovations and applications. It features a succinct treatment of the finite difference, time domain (FDTD) computational technique. It is also the first text to treat physical theory of diffraction (PTD).

 

Table of Contents:

Chapter 1 • Antenna Fundamentals and Definitions

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 How Antennas Radiate 4

1.3 Overview of Antennas 8

1.4 Electromagnetic Fundamentals 12

1.5 Solution of Maxwell's Equations for Radiation Problems 16

1.6 The Ideal Dipole 20

1.7 Radiation Patterns 24

1.7.1 Radiation Pattern Basics 24

1.7.2 Radiation from Line Currents 25

1.7.3 Far-Field Conditions and Field Regions 28

1.7.4 Steps in the Evaluation of Radiation Fields 31

1.7.5 Radiation Pattern Definitions 33

1.7.6 Radiation Pattern Parameters 35

1.8 Directivity and Gain 37

1.9 Antenna Impedance, Radiation Efficiency, and the Short Dipole 43

1.10 Antenna Polarization 48

References 52

Problems 52

Chapter 2 • Some Simple Radiating Systems and Antenna Practice

2.1 Electrically Small Dipoles 56

2.2 Dipoles 59

2.3 Antennas Above a Perfect Ground Plane 63

2.3.1 Image Theory 63

2.3.2 Monopoles 66

2.4 Small Loop Antennas 68

2.4.1 Duality 68

2.4.2 The Small Loop Antenna 71

2.5 Antennas in Communication Systems 76

2.6 Practical Considerations for Electrically Small Antennas 82

References 83

Problems 84

Chapter 3 • Arrays

3.1 The Array Factor for Linear Arrays 88

3.2 Uniformly Excited, Equally Spaced Linear Arrays 99

3.2.1 The Array Factor Expression 99

3.2.2 Main Beam Scanning and Beamwidth 102

3.2.3 The Ordinary Endfire Array 103

3.2.4 The Hansen-Woodyard Endfire Array 105

3.3 Pattern Multiplication 107

3.4 Directivity of Uniformly Excited, Equally Spaced Linear Arrays 112

3.5 Nonuniformly Excited, Equally Spaced Linear Arrays 116

3.6 Mutual Coupling 121

3.6.1 Impedance Effects of Mutual Coupling 122

3.6.2 Array Pattern Evaluation Including Mutual Coupling 125

3.7 Multidimensional Arrays 128

3.8 Phased Arrays and Array Feeding Techniques 130

3.8.1 Scan Principles 130

3.8.2 Feed Networks for Beam Scanning 133

3.8.3 Scan Blindness 135

3.9 Perspective on Arrays 136

References 136

Problems 137

Chapter 4 • Line Sources 143

4.1 The Uniform Line Source 143

4.2 Tapered Line Sources 152

 4.3 Fourier Transform Relations Between the Far-Field Pattern and the Source Distribution 157

4.4 Superdirective Line Sources 159

References 163

Problems 163

Chapter 5 • Resonant Antennas: Wires and Patches

5.1 Dipole Antennas 165

5.1.1 Straight Wire Dipoles 165

5.1.2 The Vee Dipole 173

5.2 Folded Dipole Antennas 175

5.3 Feeding Wire Antennas 180

5.4 Yagi-Uda Antennas 187

5.5 Comer Reflector Antennas 196

5.6 Wire Antennas Above an Imperfect Ground Plane 198

5.6.1 Pattern Effects of a Real Earth Ground Plane 198

5.6.2 Ground Plane Construction 203

5.7 Large Loop Antennas 205

5.8 Microstrip Antennas 210

5.8.1 Microstrip Patch Antennas 210

5.8.2 Microstrip Arrays 216

References 218

Problems 219

Chapter 6 • Broadband Antennas

6.1 Traveling-Wave Wire Antennas 225

6.2 Helical Antennas 231

6.2.1 Normal Mode Helix Antenna 232

6.2.2 Axial Mode Helix Antenna 235

6.3 Biconical Antennas 240

6.3.1 Infinite Biconical Antenna 240

6.3.2 Finite Biconical Antenna 242

6.3.3 Discone Antenna 243

6.4 Sleeve Antennas 246

6.4.1 Sleeve Monopoles 246

6.4.2 Sleeve Dipoles 248

6.5 Principles of Frequency-Independent Antennas 250

6.6 Spiral Antennas 252

6.6.1 Equiangular Spiral Antenna 252

6.6.2 Archimedean Spiral Antenna 254

6.6.3 Conical Equiangular Spiral Antenna 257

6.6.4 Related Configurations 258

6.7 Log-Periodic Antennas 259

References 270

Problems 272

Chapter 7 • Aperture Antennas

7.1 Radiation from Apertures and Huygens' Principle 275

7.2 Rectangular Apertures 284

7.2.1 The Uniform Rectangular Aperture 285

7.2.2 Tapered Rectangular Apertures 289

7.3 Techniques for Evaluating Gain 291

7.3.1 Directivity 292

7.3.2 Gain and Efficiencies 294

7.3.3 Simple Directivity Formulas 296

7.4 Rectangular Hom Antennas 299

7.4.1 H-Plane Sectoral Hom Antenna 300

7.4.2 E-Plane Sectoral Hom Antenna 306

7.4.3 Pyramidal Hom Antenna 310

7.5 Circular Apertures 316

7.5.1 The Uniform Circular Aperture 316

7.5.2 Tapered Circular Apertures 319

7.6 Reflector Antennas 322

7.6.1 Parabolic Reflector Antenna Principles 322

7.6.2 Axisymmetric Parabolic Reflector Antenna 329

7.6.3 Offset Parabolic Reflectors 334

7.6.4 Dual Reflector Antennas 335

7.6.5 Cross-Polarization and Scanning Properties of Reflector Antennas 338

7.6.6 Gain Calculations for Reflector Antennas 342

7.6.7 Other Reflector Antennas 347

7.7 Feed Antennas for Reflectors 349

7.7.1 Field Representations 349

7.7.2 Matching the Feed to the Reflector 350

7.7.3 A General Feed Model 352

7.7.4 Feed Antennas Used in Practice 354

References 356

Problems 358

Chapter 8.. Antenna Synthesis

8.1 The Synthesis Problem 365

8.1.1 Formulation of the Synthesis Problem 365

8.1.2 Synthesis Principles 367

8.2 Line Source Shaped Beam Synthesis Methods 368

8.2.1 Fourier Transform Method 368

8.2.2 Woodward-Lawson Sampling Method 370

8.3 Linear Array Shaped Beam Synthesis Methods 373

8.3.1 Fourier Series Method 373

8.3.2 Woodward-Lawson Sampling Method 376

8.3.3 Comparison of Shaped Beam Synthesis Methods 377

8.4 Low Side-Lobe, Narrow Main Beam Synthesis Methods 378

8.4.1 Dolph-Chebyshev Linear Array Method 378

8.4.2 Taylor Line Source Method 384

8.5 Perspective 390

References 390

Problems 391

Chapter 9 • Antennas in Systems and Antenna Measurements 395

9.1 Receiving Properties of Antennas 395

\ 9.2 Antenna Noise Temperature and Radiometry 400

9.3 Radar 403

9.4 Reciprocity and Antenna Measurements 404

9.5 Pattern Measurement and Antenna Ranges 409

9.6 Gain Measurement 415

9.6.1 Gain Measurement of CP Antennas 416

9.6.2 Gain Estimation 418

9.7 Polarization Measurement 418

9.7.1 Polarization Pattern Method 419

9.7.2 Spinning Linear Method 420

9.7.3 Dual-Linear Method 421

9.8 Field Intensity Measurements 422

References 423

Problems 424

10 • CEM for Antennas: The Method of Moments

10:1 Introduction to Computational Electromagnetics 427

10.2 Introduction to the Method of Moments 429

10.3 Pocklington's Integral Equation 430

10.4 Integral Equations and Kirchhoff's Network Equations 432

10.5 Source Modeling 435

10.6 Weighted Residuals and the Method of Moments 440

10.7 Two Alternative Approaches to the Method of Moments 445

10.7.1 Reaction 445

10.7.2 Linear Algebra Formulation of MoM 447

10.8 Formulation and Computational Considerations 449

10.8.1 Other Expansion and Weighting Functions 450

10.8.2 Other Electric Field Integral Equations for Wires 451

10.8.3 Computer Time Considerations 454

10.8.4 ToepIitz Matrices 455

10.8.5 Block Toeplitz Matrices 455

10.8.6 Compressed Matrices 456

10.8.7 Validation 457

10.9 Calculation of Antenna and Scatterer Characteristics 457

10.10 The Wire Antenna or Scatterer as an N-Port Network 460

10.10.1 Series Connections 460

10.10.2 Parallel Connections 462

10.11 Antenna Arrays 465

10.11.1 The Linear Array 466

10.11.2 The Circular Array 467

10.11.3 Two-Dimensional Planar Array of Dipoles 470

10.11.4 Summary 471

10.12 Radar Cross Section of Antennas 472

10.13 Modeling of Solid Surfaces 477

10.13.1 Wire-Grid Model 477

10.13.2 Continuous Surface Model 482

10.14 Summary 487

References 487

Problems 488

Chapter 11 • CEM for Antennas: Finite Difference Time Domain Method

11.1 Maxwell's Equations for the FD-TD Method 495

11.1.1 Three-Dimensional Problem Formulation 496

11.1.2 Two-Dimensional Problem Formulation 496

11.1.3 One-Dimensional Problem Formulation 497

11.2 Finite Differences and the Yee Algorithm 498

11.3 Cell Size, Numerical Stability, and Dispersion 505

11.4 Computer Algorithms and FD-TD Implementation 508

11.5 Absorbing Boundary Conditions 511

11.6 Source Conditions 515

11.6.1 Source Functionality 515

11.6.2 The Hard Source 517

11.6.3 The Soft Source 517

11.6.4 Total-FieldlScattered-Field Formulation 519

11.6.5 Pure Scattered-Field Formulation 522

11.7 Near Fields and Far Fields 522

11.8 A Two-Dimensional Example: An E-Plane Sectoral Horn Antenna 524

11.9 Antenna Analysis and Applications 531

11.9.1 Impedance, Efficiency, and Gain 532

11.9.2 The Monopole over a PEC Ground Plane 533

11.9.3 The Vivaldi Slotline Array 538

11.10 Summary 542

References 542

Problems 543

493

Chapter 12 • CEM for Antennas: High-Frequency Methods 545

12.1 GeometricalOptics 546

12.2 Wedge Diffraction Theory 552

12.3 The Ray-Fixed Coordinate System 561

12.4 A Uniform Theory of Wedge Diffraction 564

12.5 E-Plane Analysis of Horn Antennas 568

12.6 Cylindrical Parabolic Antenna 571

12.7 Radiation by a Slot on a Finite Ground Plane 574

12.8 Radiation by a Monopole on a Finite Ground Plane 577

12.9 Equivalent Current Concepts 578

12.10 A Multiple Diffraction Formulation 581

12.11 Diffraction by Curved Surfaces 584

12.12 Extension of Moment Methods Using the Geometrical Theory of Diffraction 589

12.13 Physical Optics 597

12.14 Method of Stationary Phase 601

12.15 Physical Theory of Diffraction 604

12.16 Cylindrical Parabolic Reflector Antenna-PTD 610

12.17 Summary 612

References 613

Problems 614

xvi Contents

Appendix A • Tables of Commonly Used Frequencies 621

A.1 Radio Frequency Bands 621

A.2 Television Channel Frequencies 621

A.3 Mobile Telephone Bands 622

A.4 Radar Bands 622

Appendix B • Data Material and Other Constants 623

B.1 Conductivities of Good Conductors 623

B.2 Wire Data 623

B.3 Dielectric Constant: Permittivity 624

BA Permeability 624

B.5 Velocity of Light 624

B.6 Intrinsic Impedance of Free Space 624

Appendix C • Vectors 625

C.1 Unit Vector Representations 625

C.2 Vector Identities 625

C.3 Vector Differential Operators 626

Appendix D • Trigonometric Relations 628

Appendix E • Hyperbolic Relations 630

Appendix F • Useful Mathematical Relations 631

F.1 Dirac Delta Function 631

F.2 Binomial Theorem 631

F.3 Bessel Functions 631

FA Some Useful Integrals 632

Appendix G • Computing Packages 633

G.1 General Antenna Pagkage: APV 633

G.2 Array Plotting Package: PCARRPAT 633

G.3 Wire Antenna Code: WIRE 634

GA Parabolic Reflector Antenna Code: PRAC 634

G.5 Diffraction Codes 634

Appendix H • Bibliography 636

Index 643